|
SM ''U-5'' or ''U-V'' was the lead boat of the ''U-5'' class of submarines or U-boats built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine ''or'' K.u.K. Kriegsmarine)) before and during the First World War. The submarine was built as part of a plan to evaluate foreign submarine designs, and was the first of three boats of the class built by Whitehead & Co. of Fiume after a design by American John Philip Holland. ''U-5'' was laid down in April 1907 and launched in February 1909. The double-hulled submarine was just over long and displaced between , depending on whether surfaced or submerged. ''U-5''s design had inadequate ventilation and exhaust from her twin gasoline engines often intoxicated the crew. The boat was commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy in April 1910, and served as a training boat—sometimes making as many as ten cruises a month—through the beginning of the First World War in 1914. The submarine scored most of her wartime successes during the first year of the war while under the command of Georg Ritter von Trapp. The French armoured cruiser ''Léon Gambetta'', sunk in April 1915, was the largest ship sunk by ''U-5''. The sinking of Italian Troop Transport ship in June 1916 with the loss of 1,926 men, was the worst naval disaster of World War I in terms of human lives lost. In May 1917, ''U-5'' hit a mine and sank with the loss of six men. She was raised, rebuilt, and recommissioned, but sank no more ships. At the end of the war, ''U-5'' was ceded to Italy as a war reparation, and scrapped in 1920. In all, ''U-5'' sank four ships totaling . == Design and construction == ''U-5'' was built as part of a plan by the Austro-Hungarian Navy to competitively evaluate foreign submarine designs from Simon Lake, Germaniawerft, and John Philip Holland.〔Gardiner, p. 340.〕 The Austro-Hungarian Navy authorized the construction of ''U-5'' (and sister ship, ''U-6'') in 1906 by Whitehead & Co. of Fiume.〔 The boat was designed by American John Philip Holland and licensed by Holland and his company, Electric Boat.〔 ''U-5'' was laid down on 9 April 1907 in the United States, partially assembled, and shipped to Whitehead's for final assembly, a process which, author Edwin Sieche notes, "caused a lot of trouble".〔 She was launched at Fiume on 10 February 1909 by Agathe Whitehead,〔〔〔Agathe Whitehead, the granddaughter of Robert Whitehead, first met her future husband, Georg Ritter von Trapp, at the launching ceremony; von Trapp later became ''U-5''s most successful commander. See: Berkowitz, p. 82, note 1.〕 and towed to Pola on 17 August.〔 ''U-5''s design featured a single-hull with a teardrop-shaped body that bore a strong resemblance to modern nuclear submarines.〔 She was long by abeam and had a draft of . She displaced surfaced, and submerged.〔 Her two bow torpedo tubes featured unique, cloverleaf-shaped design hatches that rotated on a central axis,〔 and the boat was designed to carry up to four torpedoes.〔 For surface running, ''U-5'' was outfitted with 2 gasoline engines, but suffered from inadequate ventilation, which resulted in frequent intoxication of the crew;〔 her underwater propulsion was by two electric motors.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SM U-5 (Austria-Hungary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|